Ancient Structure Discovered Inside Earth’s Core

The absolute change in physical properties (e.g., temperature, density, and viscosity) from the mantle to the core is greater than that between solid rock and air. Hence, Earth’s core-mantle boundary (CMB) is host to a variety of phenomena, including thin (5 to 50 km), enigmatic regions with strongly reduced P- and S-wave velocities (δV_P and δV_S) and increased density (δρ), dubbed ultralow velocity zones (ULVZs).

Previous studies have reported a wide range of ULVZ characteristics, leading to notable debate regarding their origins. One common explanation for ULVZs is partial melt associated with thermal anomalies along the CMB, a concept supported by the approximate 3:1 δV_S:δV_P ratio found by some studies . However, some ULVZs are found far from the presumably hottest portions of the lowermost mantle, suggesting a compositional component to these CMB anomalies.

Source:ScienceOrg

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